The ability to correctly analyse and interpret a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial in a professional cardiac diagnostic role. Comprehensive ECG analysis and interpretation can provide vital information about the location and nature of heart disease.

Students are to analyse and interpret a series of 12-lead ECGs in accordance with the "Stepwise Method of ECG Interpretation" (available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site).

Students will have 80 minutes to complete the quiz once it is started.

To successfully complete the ECG Online Quiz, students must:

• Access the ECG Online Quiz on the ECHO12006 Moodle site at the assigned time
• Prepare personal notes and have a calculator when attempting the ECG Online Quiz
• Undertake the ECG Online Quiz as an individual (questions are drawn from a question pool to allow a different quiz for each student. Any incidences of academic misconduct will be met with action from the Deputy Dean of Learning and Teaching)
• Notify TASAC and relevant ECHO12006 staff if technical issues arise during the ECG Online Quiz (i.e. email TASAC with a screenshot of the issue, and cc ECHO12006 staff); TASAC is available for immediate assistance during AEST business hours.

It is important that you commence the Online Quiz before 6:40 pm (AEST) on Friday the 21st of April 2023. If you have not completed the test by this time, your test may be submitted incomplete or with no answers. Please note:

• Once started, the quiz cannot be paused or restarted
• Only one attempt is permitted
• The Online Quiz with automatically close at 8:00 pm (AEST) on Friday the 21st of April 2023.

In the absence of an approved extension, the ECG Online Quiz cannot be completed at a later time.

The Stepwise Method of ECG Interpretation will be available on Moodle, with grading based on the student's ability to:

• Analyse calibration settings;
• Analyse cardiac rhythm, rate, and axis;
• Identify common arrhythmias; and
• Utilise correct terminology in interpreting ECG waveforms, segments, intervals, and associated anomalies.

Multimodality cardiac testing is useful in the diagnostic assessment pathway for many cardiac pathologies. Integrating information from cardiac catheterisation, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), and echocardiographic studies provide useful clinical information that may be applied to clinical scenarios, such as generating test reports, formulating differential diagnoses, and planning patient management strategies.

Students are required to present a scholarly report of 1200 (+/- 10 %) words reviewing multimodality findings on the topic:

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

The report requires each student to:

1. Research, analyse, and discuss the aetiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, presenting clinical symptoms, clinical management, and prognosis of the cardiac pathology.
2. Research, analyse, and discuss at least two (2) alternatives for differential diagnoses, and describe relevant clinical information that would exclude alternative diagnoses.
3. Research, analyse, and discuss analysis methods, characteristic findings, and diagnostic criteria as observed from a standard 12-lead ECG. Include an example and description of a 12-lead ECG to demonstrate findings.
4. Research, analyse, and discuss indications, analysis methods, characteristic findings, and diagnostic criteria as observed from cardiac catheterisation. Include an example and description of a haemodynamic graph or angiographic image to demonstrate findings.
5. Research, analyse, and discuss analysis methods, characteristic findings and diagnostic criteria as observed from M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic analysis methods. Include an example and description of a two-dimensional and M-mode image to demonstrate findings. Doppler findings (colour, continuous wave or pulse wave Doppler) findings should not be included in the report.
6. Provide a reference list, using the Vancouver referencing style. The reference list is not included in the word count.
7. Present information in a scholarly manner, with accurate spelling and grammar, and within the word count. Content beyond the word limit will not be marked.
8. Provide a reflection on the strengths and areas for improvement of their report by responding to prompts on the task rubric, and include the rubric and your reflection at the front of your report upon submission.

Students are advised to review and utilise the "Written Task Template with Rubric" document (available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site).

A detailed rubric will be available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site, with grading based on the student's ability to:

• Analyse and discuss cardiovascular findings;
• Research and evaluate topics;
• Apply academic referencing protocols;
• Apply scholarly presentation standards; and
• Apply critical reflection to practice.

The ability to perform an M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiogram and perform associated measurement analysis are crucial skills for a professional cardiac sonographer.

Task Requirements

Students are to perform a complete M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic examination using ultrasound equipment, and complete associated measurements using analysis software.

1. Part A (Scanning) component.

• Professional tasks: including pre-scan, during, and post-scan professionalism, such as patient care, effective communication, obtaining a relevant patient history, informed consent, and operating equipment in a professional manner.
• Technical tasks: including scanning technique, scanning protocol, transducer manipulation, image optimisation, and M-mode and two-dimensional image acquisition.
• 70-minute time limit to complete both professional and technical tasks.

2. Part B (Measurement) component.

• Appropriate techniques in performing and recording a series of offline measurements using analysis software.
• 35-minute time limit.

Students will be assessed using the Assessment of Readiness for Clinical (ARC) tools: "Scanning ARC Tool" and "Measurement ARC Tool". Students are advised to carefully review these documents on the ECHO12006 Moodle site. These documents detail performance criteria the student must demonstrate competence in to pass the assessment. Student competence is assessed in relation to the expectations specific to this unit of study. Students enrolled in ECHO12006 are working towards the attainment of a Novice level of competency, as detailed on the ARC tool.

Part A (Scanning) and Part B (Measurement) components, and tasks therein, must all be successfully completed to achieve a pass. Part A (Scanning) professional and technical tasks are graded separately so that if a pass is awarded for one and not the other, only the component that was awarded a fail must be repeated. Students must demonstrate all Part A (Scanning) professional tasks in the Scanning ARC Tool. In the event that a student does not achieve the minimum to pass, the student will be given one (1) opportunity to re-sit the component.

In the absence of an approved extension, students cannot complete this assessment later and will be awarded a fail for this assessment. In the case of non-attendance of the assessment session, students must notify the Unit Coordinator and local campus staff before the start of their laboratory session with appropriate documentation, as per CQUniversity's Assessment Policy and Procedure (Higher Education Coursework), for the assessment to be postponed to a later date.

Assessments will be recorded for moderation purposes. The recordings will not be released to students for review.

All students are required to be available to act as a patient model. This includes mock tests, tests, and re-sit test dates. Students will be advised of times for the assessment prior to the test date.

Students will be provided with a single opportunity to attempt the Echocardiography Skills Assessment under MOCK examination conditions. Individual feedback will be provided to students after completing the MOCK assessments. Students will receive a completed MOCK Part A (Practical) ARC tool and MOCK Part B (Measurement Performance and Interpretation) ARC tool following moderation. Scanning feedback will be provided verbally by the tutor supervising each individual student's MOCK practical scanning assessment. The MOCK assessment will be delivered as part of the routine laboratory sessions.

There is no opportunity for the rescheduling of missed laboratory sessions.

Detailed rubrics are available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site.

• To pass the Part A (Professional and Technical) component, all criteria must be demonstrated.

• To pass the Part B (Measurement) component, all criteria must be demonstrated.

Competency is defined as a Novice level of competency, as described Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition¹, 2021 Professional Competency Framework for Sonographers² and the best practice guidelines published by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)³.

_{1. Dreyfus S. The Five-Stage Model of Adult Skill Acquisition. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 2004;24(3):177-181.}

_{2. Childs, Jessie; Thoirs, Kerry; Osborne, Brooke; Halligan, Toni; Stoodley, Paul; Quinton, Ann; et al. (2021): Professional Competency Framework for Sonographers. figshare. Online resource. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17148035.v2}

_{3. American Society of Echocardiography. Organization of professionals committed to excellence in cardiovascular ultrasound [Internet]. Asecho.org. 2022 [cited 6 January 2022]. Available from: https://www.asecho.org/}

The purpose of this assessment is to ensure that students from the echocardiography course are well-equipped to embody the high standards of professionalism that are expected from CQUniversity students while on their follow-on clinical placement blocks. Professional behaviour is a critical part of any medical imaging profession and encompasses the manner in which we treat our colleagues, patients and the professional settings and equipment we interact with. Exemplary professional behaviour is highly valued by clinical supervisors and this information may be used to endorse students for placements if requested by clinical sites.

This assessment requires students to treat each of the lab sessions as a scheduled "work shift" and to exhibit high-quality professional attributes. This assessment is based on a continuous and ongoing evaluation of student application and attendance during labs, and behaviour exhibited during the time spent studying this unit up until the completion of all formal assessments. Aspects of professionalism will be assessed across multiple levels including, but not limited to: maintenance of laboratory documentation, Moodle forums, online tutorials, lab sessions (both manned and unmanned), interactions with peers and staff, social media, phone calls and all official correspondence with university staff, peers and the community.

Instances of substandard professional behaviour will result in a Lapse in Professionalism (LiP) point being awarded to the offending student. Should a student acquire more than three (3) LiPs, this assessment will automatically be graded a FAIL.

LiPs may be issued in three different categories:

1. Professional behaviour towards colleagues and staff
2. Professional behaviour towards patients
3. Professional behaviour towards professional settings and equipment

Further information is detailed in the Expected Professional Behaviour and LiP Allocation document, which is available on the Moodle site. Students are encouraged to review this document to be sure of behavioural expectations. Students should also be familiar with the CQUniversity Student Charter as well as the Australasian Sonographers Association (ASA) Code of Conduct (available online).

If an unprofessional attitude or behaviour is reported by fellow classmates and not witnessed by a staff member, a written warning detailing the allegations will be issued to the student and the student's response will be documented. If further evidence of ongoing unprofessional behaviour arises then a LiP may be awarded. If any exhibited attitude or behaviour is deemed as unsafe or inappropriate, this assessment will be graded as a FAIL at the discretion of the unit coordinator.

Absenteeism

Skills labs for this unit are mandatory. Students must advise the unit coordinator before the start of compulsory labs if unable to attend. Failure to notify staff (via email or phone) before the start of a missed lab will result in a LiP (Lapse in Professionalism) except in extraordinary circumstances. Lateness to labs may result in a LiP, whether notice is given or not. Labs missed for a valid reason (eg. illness or injury) require supporting documentation. Medical or health-related certificates must be in the approved formats articulated in the CQUniversity Assessment Policy and Procedure (HE Coursework), section 5.

Any missed labs must be clearly marked on the Lab Attendance Page and Reflective Feedback Form. A tutor's signature is not required in this case. There is no opportunity to 'make up' missed lab sessions.

Unmanned Practice Sessions

Students are offered regular unmanned practice sessions, which are scheduled through Google Doc links on the Moodle site. Penalties will be applied if instructions and rules disclosed on these documents are not adhered to. Failure to abide by these regulations may result in a LiP and removal of attendance privileges.

This assessment incorporates maintenance of pertinent lab documentation including lab attendance and any Lapse in Professionalism (LiP) points accrued throughout unit delivery. To pass this unit students need to consistently display a high standard of professional behaviour including, but not limited to, punctual lab attendance. All interactions with staff and peers pertaining to this unit will be treated as a replica of the clinical work environment, and students are expected to demonstrate the professional behaviour expected in a formal work environment. No more than three (3) Lapses in Professionalism are permitted to pass the unit.

Students are required to complete the following documentation and submit to Moodle in PDF format. All documents are available on the unit Moodle page.

1. A signed Lab Agreement Form (signed and uploaded to Moodle by Wednesday week 1)
2. A signed Consent Form - Sonographic Examination for Teaching Purposes (signed and uploaded to Moodle by Wednesday week 1)
3. A completed and signed Lab Attendance and Professional Behaviour Assessment form (signed and uploaded to Moodle by Thursday week 12)

The "Laboratory Agreement Form" and "Consent Form", as well as the Mandatory Laboratory Induction, must be completed via Moodle by Week 1 Wednesday 4:00 pm (AEST) and submitted to the Assessment 4a tab on the ECHO12006 Moodle site. Students will not receive access to weekly content and cannot participate in laboratory activities until these documents are uploaded to Moodle.

The "Laboratory Attendance and Professional Behaviour Rubric Form" must be uploaded to the Assessment 4b tab by Week 12 Thursday 1st June 8:00 pm (AEST) on the ECHO12006 Moodle site. Students can access these tasks on the ECHO12006 Moodle site and must complete and upload all documents to achieve a pass.

To PASS this assessment, all documentation must be completed appropriately and submitted by the due date and time.

All documents must be legible, labelled appropriately and uploaded in PDF format.

The ability to set goals, self-reflect, and take advantage of feedback, are important to aid the progress of knowledge and skill development. These abilities also address industry requirements, whereby professionals must perform continuing professional development (CPD) activities.

Students are to develop goal-setting, reflection, and feedback skills through weekly activities:

1. Formative Feedback Forms (one for each laboratory session; a total of six forms). Each form must include goal setting and self-reflection, tutor feedback, and tutor signature. The feedback form must be completed before leaving the associated laboratory session.
2. Mock Assessment Reflection. This form must include a reflection on areas of strength and areas for improvement in preparation for the Skills Assessment.

The "Formative Feedback and Self-Reflection Forms" are available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site.

Students must complete and upload the complete document by the due date to achieve a pass.

Detailed rubrics are available on the ECHO12006 Moodle site. Grading will be based on the student's ability to:

• Develop self-reflection skills;
• Apply goal-setting strategies; and
• Implement feedback for performance improvement.