CQUniversity Unit Profile
LAWS11059 Statutory Interpretation
Statutory Interpretation
All details in this unit profile for LAWS11059 have been officially approved by CQUniversity and represent a learning partnership between the University and you (our student).
The information will not be changed unless absolutely necessary and any change will be clearly indicated by an approved correction included in the profile.
General Information

Overview

LAWS11059 Statutory interpretation has a specific focus on locating and using legislation, aids to interpretation, and deployment of interpretative techniques. In this unit you will learn how to determine whether the exercise of a statutory power is invalid if a condition or procedure regulating its exercise, is breached; whether a law has a retrospective operation; whether a statutory offence contains a mental ingredient to be proved by the prosecution (mens rea), and if so, what that ingredient is; the scope of a statutory power to make delegated legislation in the light of delegated legislation, which has purportedly been made under a power; and the application of a rule in any applicable charter of human rights. A law graduate should be able to give a reasoned opinion as to the appropriate meaning of a legislative provision which takes adequate account of the law of statutory interpretation. This unit meets the LPAB requirements for statutory interpretation.

Details

Career Level: Undergraduate
Unit Level: Level 1
Credit Points: 6
Student Contribution Band: 10
Fraction of Full-Time Student Load: 0.125

Pre-requisites or Co-requisites

There are no requisites for this unit.

Important note: Students enrolled in a subsequent unit who failed their pre-requisite unit, should drop the subsequent unit before the census date or within 10 working days of Fail grade notification. Students who do not drop the unit in this timeframe cannot later drop the unit without academic and financial liability. See details in the Assessment Policy and Procedure (Higher Education Coursework).

Offerings For Term 2 - 2022

Online

Attendance Requirements

All on-campus students are expected to attend scheduled classes – in some units, these classes are identified as a mandatory (pass/fail) component and attendance is compulsory. International students, on a student visa, must maintain a full time study load and meet both attendance and academic progress requirements in each study period (satisfactory attendance for International students is defined as maintaining at least an 80% attendance record).

Class and Assessment Overview

Recommended Student Time Commitment

Each 6-credit Undergraduate unit at CQUniversity requires an overall time commitment of an average of 12.5 hours of study per week, making a total of 150 hours for the unit.

Class Timetable

Bundaberg, Cairns, Emerald, Gladstone, Mackay, Rockhampton, Townsville
Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney

Assessment Overview

1. Written Assessment
Weighting: 20%
2. Written Assessment
Weighting: 20%
3. Written Assessment
Weighting: 60%

Assessment Grading

This is a graded unit: your overall grade will be calculated from the marks or grades for each assessment task, based on the relative weightings shown in the table above. You must obtain an overall mark for the unit of at least 50%, or an overall grade of ‘pass’ in order to pass the unit. If any ‘pass/fail’ tasks are shown in the table above they must also be completed successfully (‘pass’ grade). You must also meet any minimum mark requirements specified for a particular assessment task, as detailed in the ‘assessment task’ section (note that in some instances, the minimum mark for a task may be greater than 50%). Consult the University’s Grades and Results Policy for more details of interim results and final grades.

Previous Student Feedback

Feedback, Recommendations and Responses

Every unit is reviewed for enhancement each year. At the most recent review, the following staff and student feedback items were identified and recommendations were made.

Feedback from John Milburn

Feedback

It would be useful to provide an overview of the expectation of students prior to commencement of the unit.

Recommendation

As some students take time to acclimatise to university study, encouraging students to participate in orientation process would be useful prior to commencement of this first year unit. That way, prior to commencement of the unit students would be encouraged to commence preliminary reading.

Feedback from John Milburn and student feedback

Feedback

The introduction of an Academic Skills component to the unit has enhanced and improved the study experience of students.

Recommendation

The Academic Learning Centre (ALC) provided targeted support to assist with important educational skills for unit through the introduction of an Academic Skills Component and a bespoke Moodle site as support for LAWS11059 in term 2. That support included the introduction of materials and exercises aimed at improving students’ study skills and language skills while also introducing them to discipline-specific requirements in assessment (such as IRAC). Statutory Interpretation is a natural fit for this because of its emphasis on the importance of clear, precise writing and its emphasis on the grammatical and contextual construction of sentences. Ms Rachel Barber, Associate Lecturer in the School of Access Education at CQUniversity Australia became an important member of the teaching team in term 2 in her role as representing the ALC and advancing the stated ambitions, which were well received by me and students. I recommend that the ALC continue to have this important teaching component in LAWS11059.

Feedback from John Milburn and student feedback

Feedback

The take-home paper for LAWS11059 in term 2 2021 was difficult, it was subject to a three-hour time imitation, and it was practically based.

Recommendation

Throughout term, I emphasised the need for students to apply learned statutory interpretation skills in LAWS11059 in a practical manner. That resulted in students being presented with a series of hypothetical scenarios that required them to consider actual, rather than theoretical, legislation to provide a statutory interpretation based response. Most students performed well in completing the task, but it was clear that some students had not participated live or viewed the weekly tutorials, struggled to provide a meaningful response. I recommend that this type of assessment regime continue, subject to ongoing notification by the unit coordinator to students advising of the likelihood of a difficult, practically based, take-home paper at the end of term.

Unit Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this unit, you will be able to:
  1. Apply skills in locating and using legislation, aids to interpretation and deployment of interpretive skills
  2. Evaluate whether the exercise of statutory power is invalid
  3. Analyse whether a law has a retrospective operation
  4. Analyse whether a statutory offence contains a mental element (mens rea)
  5. Analyse the scope of statutory power to make delegated legislation
  6. Analyse and critically reflect on the application and interpretation of legislation, legislative instruments and related material.


Alignment of Learning Outcomes, Assessment and Graduate Attributes
N/A Level
Introductory Level
Intermediate Level
Graduate Level
Professional Level
Advanced Level

Alignment of Assessment Tasks to Learning Outcomes

Assessment Tasks Learning Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 - Written Assessment - 20%
2 - Written Assessment - 20%
3 - Written Assessment - 60%

Alignment of Graduate Attributes to Learning Outcomes

Graduate Attributes Learning Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 - Communication
2 - Problem Solving
3 - Critical Thinking
4 - Information Literacy
5 - Team Work
6 - Information Technology Competence
7 - Cross Cultural Competence
8 - Ethical practice
9 - Social Innovation
10 - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultures

Alignment of Assessment Tasks to Graduate Attributes

Assessment Tasks Graduate Attributes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 - Written Assessment - 20%
2 - Written Assessment - 20%
3 - Written Assessment - 60%
Textbooks and Resources

Textbooks

Prescribed

Statutory Interpretation

Edition: 2 (2016)
Authors: Michelle Sanson
Oxford University Press Australia
Melbourne Melbourne , VIC , Australia
ISBN: 9780190304577
Binding: Paperback
Supplementary

Effective Legal Writing

Edition: 3 (2020)
Authors: Corbett-Jarvis and Grigg
Lexis Nexis Australia
ISBN: 9780409351484
Binding: eBook
Supplementary

eLearn: Statutory Interpretation - An Introduction

Edition: 1 (2020)
Authors: Sharon Szeta and Lisa Sylvester
Lexisnexis
Sydney Sydney , NSW , Australia
ISBN: 9780001562080
Binding: eBook

IT Resources

You will need access to the following IT resources:
  • CQUniversity Student Email
  • Internet
  • Unit Website (Moodle)
  • MS Teams
Referencing Style

All submissions for this unit must use the referencing style: Australian Guide to Legal Citation, 4th ed

For further information, see the Assessment Tasks.

Teaching Contacts
Victoria Lambropoulos Unit Coordinator
v.lambropoulos@cqu.edu.au
Malcolm Barrett Unit Coordinator
m.a.barrett@cqu.edu.au
Schedule
Week 1: Introduction to Statutory Interpretation Begin Date: 11 Jul 2022

Module/Topic

Overview of the unit - an introduction to statutory interpretation. 

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapters 1

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 2: Creation of Legislation Begin Date: 18 Jul 2022

Module/Topic

Enactment of legislation.  

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 2

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 3: Interpretation Legislation Begin Date: 25 Jul 2022

Module/Topic

Interpretation legislations. 

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 3

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 4: Context and Purpose Begin Date: 01 Aug 2022

Module/Topic

Context and purpose of legislation. 

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 4

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 5: Intention and Interpretive Techniques Begin Date: 08 Aug 2022

Module/Topic

‘Intention and interpretive techniques’. 


Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 5

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.


Research and Case Note Due: Week 5 Friday (12 Aug 2022) 11:45 pm AEST
Vacation Week Begin Date: 15 Aug 2022

Module/Topic

Chapter

Events and Submissions/Topic

No weekly zoom sessions.

Week 6: Intrinsic Materials I (Statutory Components) Begin Date: 22 Aug 2022

Module/Topic

Intrinsic material and the seminal case of Project Blue Sky v Australian Broadcasting Authority 194 CLR 355.

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 6

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 7 Intrinsic Materials II (The Text) Begin Date: 29 Aug 2022

Module/Topic

Intrinsic materials part two. 

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 7

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 8: Extrinsic Materials Begin Date: 05 Sep 2022

Module/Topic

Extrinsic material. 

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 8

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.


Solve a statutory interpretation problem Due: Week 8 Friday (9 Sept 2022) 11:45 pm AEST
Week 9: Traditional Common Law Approaches Begin Date: 12 Sep 2022

Module/Topic

Traditional common law approaches to interpretation.  

Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 9

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 10: Statutory Presumptions Begin Date: 19 Sep 2022

Module/Topic

The common law rules of statutory interpretation part two. 


Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 10

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 11: Human Rights and International Law Begin Date: 26 Sep 2022

Module/Topic

The influence of human rights and international law on statutory interpretation


Chapter

Michelle Sanson, Statutory Interpretation Chapter 11

Events and Submissions/Topic

Weekly zoom sessions.

Week 12: Review Week Begin Date: 03 Oct 2022

Module/Topic


Chapter

Events and Submissions/Topic

Review/Exam Week Begin Date: 10 Oct 2022

Module/Topic

Chapter

Events and Submissions/Topic

Exam Week Begin Date: 17 Oct 2022

Module/Topic

Chapter

Events and Submissions/Topic

Take-Home Paper Due: Exam Week Monday (17 Oct 2022) 11:45 pm AEST
Assessment Tasks

1 Written Assessment

Assessment Title
Research and Case Note

Task Description

Presented in two parts with 10 marks allocated for each part.

Part 1 A research task which relates to the creation and understanding of legislation, in short response/paragraph format.

Part 2 A short summary in the case note format. 

Full details of the assessment task will be provided on the Moodle site for this unit at the commencement of term.

Total word count: 1,200 words


Assessment Due Date

Week 5 Friday (12 Aug 2022) 11:45 pm AEST

Extension requests must be made via Moodle with valid supporting documentation.


Return Date to Students

Week 7 Monday (29 Aug 2022)

Marked assignments will be returned via the Moodle site in approx. two (2) weeks after submission.


Weighting
20%

Assessment Criteria

Assessment Criteria

Criteria Excellent Good Poor
Basic goals (15%):
Identification of primary issues Identification of all major issues. Identification of most major issues. Identification of some major issues.
Demonstrated understanding of the subject matter Excellent demonstrated understanding of the subject matter. Good / Some understanding of the subject matter. Lacks understanding of the subject matter.
Structured argument Well structured arguments. Reasonably structured argument. Poorly structured argument.
Higher order goal (2.5%):
Analytical ability Demonstrated high level of analysis. Some analytical skills demonstrated Numerous analytical errors or omissions - limited to no analysis.
Skills (2.5%):
Demonstrated clear and concise written expression Clear and concise written expression. Some unclear or verbose written expression. Numerous examples of unclear or verbose written expression.
Spelling and grammar No identifiable spelling or grammatical issues. Minor spelling or grammatical issues. Numerous spelling or grammatical issues.
Plain English drafting No Plain English drafting errors. Some Plain English drafting errors. Numerous Plain English drafting errors.

Students should also familiarise themselves with the University policy on assessment which sets out the criteria for high distinctions, distinctions, credit and pass marks in some detail.


Referencing Style

Submission
Online

Submission Instructions
I will only accept online submission of your work. Upload your work in a Word document (NOT PDF) in the following format: LastName_FirstName.docx. I expect students to present their assessment work on time. Take care with your submission. Avoid obvious mistakes, such as basic spelling and grammatical errors. Read your paper out aloud, word by word. Alternatively, or in addition, ask the Academic Learning Centre to provide you with assistance and review your work. Generally, you should submit one Word document (even if the assessment is in two or more parts) and ensure that your name is included in the name of the saved document.

Learning Outcomes Assessed
  • Apply skills in locating and using legislation, aids to interpretation and deployment of interpretive skills
  • Evaluate whether the exercise of statutory power is invalid
  • Analyse whether a law has a retrospective operation
  • Analyse whether a statutory offence contains a mental element (mens rea)
  • Analyse the scope of statutory power to make delegated legislation
  • Analyse and critically reflect on the application and interpretation of legislation, legislative instruments and related material.


Graduate Attributes
  • Communication
  • Problem Solving
  • Critical Thinking
  • Information Literacy
  • Information Technology Competence
  • Ethical practice

2 Written Assessment

Assessment Title
Solve a statutory interpretation problem

Task Description

Students are required to advise a character in a statutory interpretation problem question, which will be based on the material covered in modules.

Full details of the assessment task will be provided on the Statutory Interpretation Moodle site after the commencement of term.

2,000 words (maximum)


Assessment Due Date

Week 8 Friday (9 Sept 2022) 11:45 pm AEST

See Moodle description. I will only accept online submission of your work. Extension requests must be made via Moodle with valid supporting documentation. Cut off date Saturday, 22 January 2022 at 11:45 PM (AEST).


Return Date to Students

Week 11 Monday (26 Sept 2022)

Marked assignments will be returned via the Moodle site in approx. two (2) weeks after submission.


Weighting
20%

Assessment Criteria

Assessment criteria

Students will be assessed on their ability to demonstrate thinking and writing skills, to comprehend the material, to process the material and to provide a critical analysis and logical discussion of the law. Students are required to communicate clearly, logically and in a concise manner. Papers must be presented in a professional manner. Please paginate the paper and use correct spelling and grammar. You must appropriately reference and attribute the work of others.

Criteria Standards
HD High Distinction D Distinction C Credit P Pass N Fail
Your ability to identify issues All issues are identified coherently with alternative issues addressed where relevant. Most issues are identified in a logical and coherent manner. Most issues are identified. Attempts to identify issues. Some are missed or confused. Understanding of the task not apparent. Limited or no attempt to identify issues.
Your knowledge of content including rules of statutory interpretation Comprehensive/ detailed knowledge of relevant content and rules. Legal authority used consistently to support and develop argument. In-depth knowledge of relevant content and rules. Legal authority mainly used to support and develop argument. Reasonable knowledge of relevant content and rules. Reasonable use of legal authority to support and develop argument. Evidence of limited knowledge of relevant content and rules. Some use of legal authority to support and develop argument. Lacks evidence of knowledge of relevant content and rules. Little or no use of legal authority to support and develop argument.
Your ability to apply relevant law to issues Clear application of relevant rules to issues and can transform concepts towards a novel conclusion. Clear application of relevant rules to issues through critical analysis/thought. Application of relevant rules to issues. Can categorise ideas and information in a predictable and standard format. Attempts to apply rules to issues in a structured format. Little or no attempt to apply relevant rules to issues. Understanding of task not apparent.
Your conclusions Analytical and clear conclusions well grounded in relevant content and rules. Good development shown in summary of arguments based in relevant content and rules. Evidence of findings and conclusions grounded in relevant content and rules. Limited evidence of findings and conclusions supported by relevant content and rules. Unsubstantiated/ invalid conclusions based on generalisation only or no conclusions at all.
Your clarity of expression (spelling, grammar, punctuation); use of appropriate terminology; and overall structure Fluent writing style and terminology appropriate to document. Grammar and spelling accurate. Appropriate and clear structure. Language mainly fluent. Grammar and spelling mainly accurate. Mainly appropriate and clear structure. Language reasonably fluent. Grammar and spelling reasonably accurate. Structure apparent. Meaning apparent but language not always fluent. Grammar and/or spelling contain errors. Some structure. Meaning unclear and/or grammar and/or spelling contain frequent errors. Lack of structure.
Your referencing in accordance with the AGLC Referencing consistently accurate. Referencing mainly accurate. Referencing reasonably accurate. Some attempt at referencing Almost all referencing is incorrect or no attempt at referencing at all.


Referencing Style

Submission
Online

Submission Instructions
I will only accept online submission of your work. Upload your work in a Word document (NOT PDF) in the following format: LastName_FirstName.docx. I expect students to present their assessment work on time. Take care with your submission. Avoid obvious mistakes, such as basic spelling and grammatical errors. Read your paper aloud to yourself, word by word. This may feel like a slow process but can be a productive exercise. Alternatively, or in addition, request assistance from the Academic Learning Centre to review your work and provide advice. Generally, you should submit one document (even if the assessment is in two or more parts) and ensure that your name is included in the name of the saved document.

Learning Outcomes Assessed
  • Apply skills in locating and using legislation, aids to interpretation and deployment of interpretive skills
  • Evaluate whether the exercise of statutory power is invalid


Graduate Attributes
  • Communication
  • Critical Thinking
  • Information Literacy
  • Information Technology Competence

3 Written Assessment

Assessment Title
Take-Home Paper

Task Description

The date for the take-home paper will be determined by admin, but it will take place in the CQU official exam period. You will have four hours on the day of the assessment to complete the task. Word limit is 2,500 - 3,000 words (maximum).

Notes

  • Submissions after the deadline will not be accepted.
  • Failure to submit by the deadline will result in a mark of zero for this assessment as the paper will not be marked.
  • Extensions are not available for this take-home paper.
  • Exam conditions apply to all take-home papers.
  • Working to a short deadline and submitting work on time is part of the assessment.
  • The paper will be made accessible on the day of submission.
  • The final take home paper will not be released to students - results for this assessment must be withheld until the certification of grades. Personalised feedback will not be provided. 
  • Response must be submitted on Moodle. Submit your entire answer in a single Word (NOT PDF) document in the following format: LastName_FirstName.docx. Do not submit in multiple parts.
  • You must not share your work with others or assist others with their work.  You must not receive assistance from others, copy from others, or work with others on your paper.
  • You must not plagiarise the work of others.  Where you use another's work or idea, you must acknowledge the source of that work or idea.  Where the text is a direct quote from the original source, this must be indicated in your work.
  • Your answer must provide references for all sources relied upon in your work.


Assessment Due Date

Exam Week Monday (17 Oct 2022) 11:45 pm AEST

You must complete this assessment task on the due date scheduled by the University. You will receive advice as to the date during term. You will need to ensure that you avoid other commitments on that day. I will only accept online submission of your work. The task will be made available for a limited number of hours only. No extensions are permitted. The take home exam will take place in the exam week with the date to be advised. It will be a written assessment to be completed within the limited timeframe, to be submitted via Moodle. Please refer to the Moodle site for the unit for further details.


Return Date to Students

Normal exam conditions apply. The final online paper is not returned to students. Results must be withheld until certification of grades. I will not provide personalised feedback. Your mark forms part of your grade for this unit. However, feedback is provided to the whole class in the form of an exam feedback report on the Certification of Grades Date in accordance with the University Assessment Policy.


Weighting
60%

Assessment Criteria

students will be assessed on their ability to demonstrate thinking and writing skills, to comprehend the material, to process the material and to provide a critical analysis and logical discussion of the law. Students are required to communicate an answer clearly, logically and in a concise manner. Your paper must be presented in a professional manner. Please paginate your paper and use correct spelling and grammar. You must appropriately reference and attribute the work of others.

Fail

Evidence of the following:

  • written expression is poor and difficult to understand
  • the answer is poorly organised
  • referencing is generally inadequate
  • lack of familiarity with the legislation and its application
  • failure to identify and address the issues in the question
  • reasoning and application demonstrated is poor

Pass

Evidence of the following:

  • A conscientious attempt to address the topic and/or answer the question
  • Some indication of having done the required reading and of having understood the reading
  • presented a reasonable argument to back up your conclusions
  • demonstrated a reasonable level of spelling and grammatical usage
  • used referencing but this may need improvement
  • issues that may need to be identified and addressed in more depth

Credit

Evidence of the following:

  • addressed the topic and/or answered the question directly
  • presented soundly based arguments and backed these up with reasons
  • gone beyond description to analysis of key issues
  • expressed the content well
  • shown evidence of reading widely
  • demonstrated understanding of the reading
  • used referencing that is satisfactory

Distinction

Evidence of the following:

  • met the above criteria for a credit
  • demonstrated the attainment of a high degree of understanding of the concepts of the unit
  • demonstrated deep insight into the application of knowledge and skills to complex theoretical and practical situations
  • used referencing correctly
  • referred to all appropriate legislation

High Distinction

Evidence of the following:

  • met the above criteria for a distinction
  • demonstrated the attainment of an outstanding level of achievement regarding the objectives of this unit
  • demonstrated an interesting and/or original approach/idea/argument
  • demonstrated mastery of the relevant referencing system
  • Conclusions are backed by well-reasoned arguments demonstrating a detailed insight and analysis of issues
  • Reference to appropriate legislation for all issues


Referencing Style

Submission
Online

Submission Instructions
Only online submission will be accepted. Upload your work in a Word document (NOT PDF) in the following format: LastName_FirstName.docx. I expect students to present their assessment work on time. Take care with your submission. Avoid obvious mistakes, such as basic spelling and grammatical errors. Read your paper out aloud, word by word. You should submit your response(s) in one document (even if the assessment is in two or more parts).

Learning Outcomes Assessed
  • Apply skills in locating and using legislation, aids to interpretation and deployment of interpretive skills
  • Evaluate whether the exercise of statutory power is invalid
  • Analyse whether a law has a retrospective operation
  • Analyse whether a statutory offence contains a mental element (mens rea)


Graduate Attributes
  • Communication
  • Problem Solving
  • Critical Thinking
  • Information Literacy
  • Ethical practice

Academic Integrity Statement

As a CQUniversity student you are expected to act honestly in all aspects of your academic work.

Any assessable work undertaken or submitted for review or assessment must be your own work. Assessable work is any type of work you do to meet the assessment requirements in the unit, including draft work submitted for review and feedback and final work to be assessed.

When you use the ideas, words or data of others in your assessment, you must thoroughly and clearly acknowledge the source of this information by using the correct referencing style for your unit. Using others’ work without proper acknowledgement may be considered a form of intellectual dishonesty.

Participating honestly, respectfully, responsibly, and fairly in your university study ensures the CQUniversity qualification you earn will be valued as a true indication of your individual academic achievement and will continue to receive the respect and recognition it deserves.

As a student, you are responsible for reading and following CQUniversity’s policies, including the Student Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure. This policy sets out CQUniversity’s expectations of you to act with integrity, examples of academic integrity breaches to avoid, the processes used to address alleged breaches of academic integrity, and potential penalties.

What is a breach of academic integrity?

A breach of academic integrity includes but is not limited to plagiarism, self-plagiarism, collusion, cheating, contract cheating, and academic misconduct. The Student Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure defines what these terms mean and gives examples.

Why is academic integrity important?

A breach of academic integrity may result in one or more penalties, including suspension or even expulsion from the University. It can also have negative implications for student visas and future enrolment at CQUniversity or elsewhere. Students who engage in contract cheating also risk being blackmailed by contract cheating services.

Where can I get assistance?

For academic advice and guidance, the Academic Learning Centre (ALC) can support you in becoming confident in completing assessments with integrity and of high standard.

What can you do to act with integrity?