Overview
You will be introduced to the principles of ultrasound physics and instrumentation in this unit. Quality Assurance and recognition of artefacts will also be covered. The knowledge and skills learnt from this unit are integral to all concurrent and subsequent sonography units and the foundation from which you will build your image acquisition, recognition and assessment skills. You will apply your knowledge and skills of physics principles in the laboratory setting using ultrasound equipment.
Details
Pre-requisites or Co-requisites
Prerequisite MEDI11002 Physics for Health Sciences AND MEDS11001 Fundamentals of Sonographic Practice
Important note: Students enrolled in a subsequent unit who failed their pre-requisite unit, should drop the subsequent unit before the census date or within 10 working days of Fail grade notification. Students who do not drop the unit in this timeframe cannot later drop the unit without academic and financial liability. See details in the Assessment Policy and Procedure (Higher Education Coursework).
Offerings For Term 1 - 2018
Attendance Requirements
All on-campus students are expected to attend scheduled classes – in some units, these classes are identified as a mandatory (pass/fail) component and attendance is compulsory. International students, on a student visa, must maintain a full time study load and meet both attendance and academic progress requirements in each study period (satisfactory attendance for International students is defined as maintaining at least an 80% attendance record).
Recommended Student Time Commitment
Each 6-credit Undergraduate unit at CQUniversity requires an overall time commitment of an average of 12.5 hours of study per week, making a total of 150 hours for the unit.
Class Timetable
Assessment Overview
Assessment Grading
This is a graded unit: your overall grade will be calculated from the marks or grades for each assessment task, based on the relative weightings shown in the table above. You must obtain an overall mark for the unit of at least 50%, or an overall grade of ‘pass’ in order to pass the unit. If any ‘pass/fail’ tasks are shown in the table above they must also be completed successfully (‘pass’ grade). You must also meet any minimum mark requirements specified for a particular assessment task, as detailed in the ‘assessment task’ section (note that in some instances, the minimum mark for a task may be greater than 50%). Consult the University’s Grades and Results Policy for more details of interim results and final grades.
All University policies are available on the CQUniversity Policy site.
You may wish to view these policies:
- Grades and Results Policy
- Assessment Policy and Procedure (Higher Education Coursework)
- Review of Grade Procedure
- Student Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure
- Monitoring Academic Progress (MAP) Policy and Procedure – Domestic Students
- Monitoring Academic Progress (MAP) Policy and Procedure – International Students
- Student Refund and Credit Balance Policy and Procedure
- Student Feedback – Compliments and Complaints Policy and Procedure
- Information and Communications Technology Acceptable Use Policy and Procedure
This list is not an exhaustive list of all University policies. The full list of University policies are available on the CQUniversity Policy site.
Feedback, Recommendations and Responses
Every unit is reviewed for enhancement each year. At the most recent review, the following staff and student feedback items were identified and recommendations were made.
Feedback from Have your say
Video sound quality
Consider recording videos on different equipment
Feedback from Have your say
Written assessment needs rubric
Consider composing rubric for the written assessment.
Feedback from Have your say
Content focussed on general ultrasound, not echo
Consider including more echo- centric examples including images and clinical scenarios.
- Apply the physical principles of diagnostic ultrasound to practical problems
- Evaluate the components and performance of diagnostic ultrasound equipment
- Apply knowledge of ultrasound physics and practical skills to acquire diagnostic ultrasound images
- Discuss the principles of ultrasound techniques, Doppler ultrasound and its application in medical ultrasound.
- Interpret the causes of, and apply problem solving skills to reduce, sources of artefacts on an ultrasound image
- Describe safety issues in medical ultrasound
This unit will be one of the core units in the Medical Sonography Course which is externally accredited by the Australian Sonographers Accreditation Registry (ASAR), an external professional regulatory body. Intended learning outcomes have been linked to:
ASAR Required Graduate Competency Outcomes for General Sonography Accreditation Standards 1.2,
Deliver safe, patient centred services- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
Practice within professional and ethical frameworks- 2, 6 and 7
Contribute to workplace health and safety and quality assurance- 2, and 7
Alignment of Assessment Tasks to Learning Outcomes
| Assessment Tasks | Learning Outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| 1 - Written Assessment - 40% | ||||||
| 2 - Practical Assessment - 0% | ||||||
| 3 - Examination - 60% | ||||||
Alignment of Graduate Attributes to Learning Outcomes
| Graduate Attributes | Learning Outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| 1 - Communication | ||||||
| 2 - Problem Solving | ||||||
| 3 - Critical Thinking | ||||||
| 4 - Information Literacy | ||||||
| 5 - Team Work | ||||||
| 6 - Information Technology Competence | ||||||
| 7 - Cross Cultural Competence | ||||||
| 8 - Ethical practice | ||||||
| 9 - Social Innovation | ||||||
| 10 - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultures | ||||||
Alignment of Assessment Tasks to Graduate Attributes
| Assessment Tasks | Graduate Attributes | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| 1 - Written Assessment - 40% | ||||||||||
| 2 - Practical Assessment - 0% | ||||||||||
| 3 - Examination - 60% | ||||||||||
Textbooks
SONOGRAPHY: PRINCIPLES AND INSTRUMENTS, Ninth Edition
9th Edition (2016)
Authors: Frederick Kremkau
Elsevier
St. Louis St. Louis , Missouri , USA
ISBN: 978-0-323-32271-3
Binding: Hardcover
Additional Textbook Information
This text will supplement lecture material. E-book or hardcopy acceptable.
IT Resources
- CQUniversity Student Email
- Internet
- Unit Website (Moodle)
All submissions for this unit must use the referencing style: Vancouver
For further information, see the Assessment Tasks.
a.najafzadehabriz@cqu.edu.au
Module/Topic
PULSE ECHO PRINCIPLE AND SOUND PARAMETERS
Back to Basics
Pulse Echo Principle
Sound Parameters
Maths Concepts
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 1 & 2
Events and Submissions/Topic
No Zoom
Module/Topic
Pulsed Ultrasound and Parameters related to Pulsed Ultrasound:
Pulsed Ultrasound
PRP and PRF
PD, DF, SPL, Bandwidth
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 2
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Sound interaction with matter:
Amplitude, Power and Intensity
Attenuation and Absorption
Reflection and Acoustic Impedance
Types of Reflection
Refraction
Ranging
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 2
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Lab Session 1
Module/Topic
Transducers, Beam Geometry and Instrumentation:
Transducer Construction
Beam Geometry
Instrumentation
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 3 & 4
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Resolution:
Lateral Resolution
Axial Resolution
Contrast Resolution
Temporal Resolution
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 3 & 4
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Lab Session 2
Module/Topic
Chapter
Events and Submissions/Topic
Module/Topic
Revision
Chapter
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Artifacts:
Propagation
Attenuation
Spectral Doppler Artifacts
Colour Doppler Artifacts
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 6
Events and Submissions/Topic
No Zoom Tutorial
Written Assessment due
Written Assesssment Due: Week 7 Monday (23 Apr 2018) 2:00 pm AEST
Module/Topic
Haemodynamics and The Doppler Principle:
Flow
The Doppler Effect
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 5
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Doppler Imaging:
Colour Doppler Displays
Spectral Doppler Displays
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 5
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Safety and Quality Assurance:
Performance Measurements
Output Measurements
Bio-effects
Safety
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 7
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Lab Session 3
Upload Lab Manual
Practical Laboratory Sessions and Lab Manual completion Due: Week 10 Friday (18 May 2018) 12:00 pm AEST
Module/Topic
Contemporary Imaging:
Coded Excitation
Harmonic Imaging
Panoramic Imaging
Spatial Compounding
Parallel Processing
Elastography
Cardiac Strain Imaging
Chapter
Kremkau Chapter 4: Contemporary Features
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Review and Consolidation
Chapter
Events and Submissions/Topic
Zoom Tutorial
Module/Topic
Chapter
Events and Submissions/Topic
Module/Topic
Chapter
Events and Submissions/Topic
Students are expected to spend on average 10-12 hours of time each week in their study activities for this unit. A suggested time budget for weekly study is:
· 2- 2.5 hours for watching recorded lectures and taking notes
· 1-1.5 hours for completing assigned reading
· 0.5-1 hour for completing other posted learning activities
· 2-2.5 hours for creating study notes to meet weekly learning goals using lectures and readings
· 0.5 hour for adding week specific content to your ‘cheat sheet’
· 1-1.5 hours for applying weekly content using posted end-of-chapter questions
· 0.5 hour for working on posted tutorial questions in preparation for tutorial
· 1 hour for participation in online tutorial
· 1-2 hours for assignment preparation and/or revision for final examination
Tutorials are interactive sessions where your participation enables you to check your understanding of and your ability to apply the week’s concepts and for you to build your skills in responding to test questions. Your regular participation strongly supports your success in the unit. While online tutorials will be recorded, these recordings are not intended to replace your active participation in live sessions.
Three (3) physics labs will be held on Thursdays in weeks 3, 5 and 10.
The unit co-ordinator for MEDS12001 Term 1, 2018 is to be advised. Deborah Dahdah and Michelle Fenech will be assisting with the unit co-ordination and conducting some lectures and tutorials.
The best mode of contact is by email: d.dahdah@cqu.edu.au. Please use email whenever possible.
Deborah’s CQUniversity Australia phone number is 02 9324 5070.
Michelle’s CQUniversity Australia phone number is (07) 3295 1180.
The online tutorials are an opportunity to ask questions, gain feedback and join in discussions concerning theoretical concepts and assessment tasks. These will be recorded for those unable to attend and posted on the unit Moodle page.
Access to the internet is required to undertake this unit, as unit materials, tutorials and updates will be provided via Moodle, Zoom and email. It is important to regularly check your student email as updates about the unit will be sent from the unit co-ordinator via email.
Zoom Tutorials will be held weekly on Monday. These will be recorded for those unable to attend and posted on the unit Moodle page.
1 Written Assessment
There will be five (5) short-answer questions worth 20 marks each.
The questions will be based on the Laboratory Sessions (including the images obtained during Labs 1 and 2) and lecture and tutorial material up to the submission date.
The maximum word count is 1000 +/- 10%, excluding tables, charts, diagrams and reference list.
As a sonographer, it is imperative you understand the physical principles which create the images you acquire and the potential artifacts incurred during the sonographic imaging process. This understanding will help you to improve your image acquisition and quality and will help in the diagnostic process. A sonographer must be able to use ultrasound equipment safely and be familiar with the safety guidelines set by any governing bodies.
Week 7 Monday (23 Apr 2018) 2:00 pm AEST
Week 9 Monday (7 May 2018)
General feedback will be provided up to 2 weeks after submission.
Answers for full marks for each question should include:
- Exceptional answer, clear, concise, detailed with direct reference to properly labelled images acquired by student in labs and diagrams if applicable. Images are explained and used to enhance answer.
- Correct content and demonstration of understanding of concept and its practical use
- Explanations supported by correct physics equations when required with correct units described
- Grammar and spelling are flawless and correct use of physics and sonographic terminology
- Presentation of content and images is organised and professional
- Submitted by due date and time, as a 5% penalty per day will be applied for late submissions as per policy and procedures of CQUniversity.
- Overall Presentation - Cover page required with title, Name, student number
- Accurate and correct reference style
- Apply the physical principles of diagnostic ultrasound to practical problems
- Evaluate the components and performance of diagnostic ultrasound equipment
- Apply knowledge of ultrasound physics and practical skills to acquire diagnostic ultrasound images
- Discuss the principles of ultrasound techniques, Doppler ultrasound and its application in medical ultrasound.
- Interpret the causes of, and apply problem solving skills to reduce, sources of artefacts on an ultrasound image
- Describe safety issues in medical ultrasound
- Communication
- Problem Solving
- Information Literacy
- Information Technology Competence
2 Practical Assessment
In small groups (3-4 people), you will be required to collaboratively perform tasks during the practical Laboratory sessions and obtain ultrasound images that will assist to answer set questions, and then individually submit the completed Laboratory manual.
These labs will provide an opportunity for you to explore the physical principles of ultrasound and develop your knowledge of machine instrumentation and controls under the guidance of your tutor.
During the labs you will be required to take images, and observe the effect of changing machine parameters on the resultant image.
You will be required to complete questions in your lab manual during the lab session. The questions are designed to help you understand the physical properties of ultrasound and how that knowledge is used to inform the practical production of diagnostic medical images.
Students may work in teams to acquire images. Image sharing within your lab group is permitted.
Please note the following excerpt from the University Assessment of Coursework Procedures: '...students who fail a single assessment task in a pass-fail course, or who fail a pass-fail component of a graded course will be deemed to have failed that course'.
You will be required to UPLOAD your lab manual answers to the unit Moodle page via the link provided in the assessment block. Non-attendance at a lab for any reason will require you to complete the learning and practical exercises, with consideration to lab availability, for submission to the assessment link.
Bring a USB stick to lab to save your images.
It is a highly recommended component of the unit to attend the Laboratory practical sessions in order to meet the Learning Outcomes.
Week 10 Friday (18 May 2018) 12:00 pm AEST
Week 12 Friday (1 June 2018)
General feedback will be provided up to 2 weeks after submission.
Answers for full marks for each question should include:
· Exceptional answer, clear, concise, detailed with direct reference to properly labelled images acquired by student in labs and diagrams if applicable. Images are explained and used to enhance answer.
· Correct content and demonstration of understanding of concept and its practical use
· Explanations supported by correct physics equations when required with correct units described
· Grammar and spelling are flawless and correct use of physics and sonographic terminology
· Presentation of content and images is organised and professional
· Submitted by due date and time. It is not possible to apply a 5% per day late submission penalty to a pass/fail assessment. In the absence of an approved extension, late submission will result in a fail grade for this assessment item.
· Overall Presentation - Cover page required with title, Name, student number, group members for Lab sessions required.
- Apply the physical principles of diagnostic ultrasound to practical problems
- Evaluate the components and performance of diagnostic ultrasound equipment
- Apply knowledge of ultrasound physics and practical skills to acquire diagnostic ultrasound images
- Communication
- Problem Solving
- Critical Thinking
- Information Literacy
- Information Technology Competence
Examination
Calculator - non-programmable, no text retrieval, silent only
As a CQUniversity student you are expected to act honestly in all aspects of your academic work.
Any assessable work undertaken or submitted for review or assessment must be your own work. Assessable work is any type of work you do to meet the assessment requirements in the unit, including draft work submitted for review and feedback and final work to be assessed.
When you use the ideas, words or data of others in your assessment, you must thoroughly and clearly acknowledge the source of this information by using the correct referencing style for your unit. Using others’ work without proper acknowledgement may be considered a form of intellectual dishonesty.
Participating honestly, respectfully, responsibly, and fairly in your university study ensures the CQUniversity qualification you earn will be valued as a true indication of your individual academic achievement and will continue to receive the respect and recognition it deserves.
As a student, you are responsible for reading and following CQUniversity’s policies, including the Student Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure. This policy sets out CQUniversity’s expectations of you to act with integrity, examples of academic integrity breaches to avoid, the processes used to address alleged breaches of academic integrity, and potential penalties.
What is a breach of academic integrity?
A breach of academic integrity includes but is not limited to plagiarism, self-plagiarism, collusion, cheating, contract cheating, and academic misconduct. The Student Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure defines what these terms mean and gives examples.
Why is academic integrity important?
A breach of academic integrity may result in one or more penalties, including suspension or even expulsion from the University. It can also have negative implications for student visas and future enrolment at CQUniversity or elsewhere. Students who engage in contract cheating also risk being blackmailed by contract cheating services.
Where can I get assistance?
For academic advice and guidance, the Academic Learning Centre (ALC) can support you in becoming confident in completing assessments with integrity and of high standard.
What can you do to act with integrity?
